Claude Code零基础入门：安装配置与首个项目全实战

graph TB
    subgraph 你的开发环境
        A[终端 Terminal] --> B[Claude Code CLI]
        B --> C[代码文件]
        B --> D[Git 仓库]
        B --> E[Shell 命令]
        B --> F[测试框架]
    end
    subgraph Anthropic 云端
        G[Claude AI 模型]
    end
    B <-->|API 通信| G
    style B fill:#f9a825,stroke:#333,color:#000
    style G fill:#6366f1,stroke:#333,color:#fff

curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.sh | bash

Downloading Claude Code...
Installing to ~/.claude/bin/
Claude Code installed successfully!

irm https://claude.ai/install.ps1 | iex

curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.cmd -o install.cmd && install.cmd && del install.cmd

brew install --cask claude-code

winget install Anthropic.ClaudeCode

# Debian/Ubuntu
curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.sh | bash

# 也可以使用 apt（如果官方仓库已配置）
sudo apt install claude-code

# Fedora/RHEL
sudo dnf install claude-code

# Alpine
sudo apk add claude-code

claude --version

Claude Code v1.0.x

claude doctor

claude

/login

export ANTHROPIC_API_KEY="sk-ant-xxxxx"

cd /path/to/your/project
claude

╭─────────────────────────────────────────╮
│  Claude Code v1.0.x                     │
│  Model: claude-sonnet-4-6               │
│  Working: /path/to/your/project         │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────╯
>

flowchart LR
    A[输入自然语言指令] --> B[Claude 理解分析]
    B --> C{需要执行操作?}
    C -->|读取文件| D[自动读取相关文件]
    C -->|修改代码| E[展示修改方案]
    C -->|执行命令| F[请求权限执行]
    D --> G[返回分析结果]
    E --> H[等待你的批准]
    F --> I[等待你的批准]
    H --> J[应用修改]
    I --> K[执行命令]
    style A fill:#e3f2fd
    style J fill:#c8e6c9
    style K fill:#c8e6c9

> what does this project do?

> what technologies does this project use?

> where is the main entry point?

> explain the folder structure

> add a hello world function to the main file

Edit: src/index.js
+ function helloWorld() {
+   console.log("Hello, World!");
+ }
+ 
+ helloWorld();

Allow this edit? (y/n/a/e)

> what files have I changed?

> commit my changes with a descriptive message

> create a new branch called feature/user-auth

> show me the last 5 commits

> help me resolve merge conflicts

> there's a bug where users can submit empty forms - fix it

> add input validation to the user registration form

> I need to add email verification:
> 1. add a verified field to the User model
> 2. send a verification email on registration
> 3. add an endpoint to handle verification links
> 4. update the login flow to check verification status

mkdir todo-api && cd todo-api
npm init -y
npm install express
claude

> create a basic Express.js REST API for todos with CRUD operations.
> Use ES modules syntax. Store todos in memory for now.
> Include proper error handling.

todo-api/
├── package.json
├── src/
│   ├── index.js        # 入口文件
│   ├── routes/
│   │   └── todos.js    # Todo 路由
│   └── middleware/
│       └── errorHandler.js  # 错误处理
└── CLAUDE.md           # Claude 配置

> add unit tests for all todo endpoints using vitest
> run the tests and fix any failures

> add input validation: title is required and max 200 chars
> add pagination to the GET /todos endpoint
> add a health check endpoint at GET /health

> commit all changes with a descriptive message

feat: implement Todo API with CRUD operations

- Add Express.js REST API with in-memory storage
- Implement POST/GET/PUT/DELETE /todos endpoints
- Add input validation and error handling
- Add unit tests with vitest
- Add pagination support and health check

> /init

# Code style
- Use ES modules (import/export) syntax, not CommonJS (require)
- Destructure imports when possible (eg. import { foo } from 'bar')
- Use TypeScript strict mode

# Workflow
- Be sure to typecheck when you're done making code changes
- Prefer running single tests, not the whole test suite
- Run `npm run lint` before committing

# Testing
- Use vitest for unit tests
- Always test edge cases
- Avoid mocks when possible

# Git
- Branch naming: feature/description, fix/description
- Commit messages: conventional commits format

graph TD
    A["~/.claude/CLAUDE.md<br/>全局：所有项目生效"] --> B["./CLAUDE.md<br/>项目级：当前项目共享"]
    B --> C["./CLAUDE.local.md<br/>个人项目配置（不提交 Git）"]
    B --> D["子目录/CLAUDE.md<br/>按需加载"]

    style A fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#333
    style B fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#333
    style C fill:#fce4ec,stroke:#333
    style D fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#333

> analyze the database schema

> explain how authentication works in this project

> review @src/auth/login.js for security issues

> refactor @src/utils/helpers.js to use modern ES syntax

> implement the validateEmail function.
> test cases: [email protected] → true, "invalid" → false, [email protected] → false
> run the tests after implementing

flowchart TB
    subgraph 安装阶段
        A1[选择安装方式] --> A2[执行安装命令]
        A2 --> A3[验证: claude --version]
        A3 --> A4[运行 claude doctor]
    end

    subgraph 认证阶段
        B1[运行 claude] --> B2[浏览器登录]
        B2 --> B3[认证成功]
    end

    subgraph 项目配置
        C1[cd 进入项目] --> C2[/init 生成 CLAUDE.md]
        C2 --> C3[编辑完善规则]
    end

    subgraph 日常使用
        D1[启动会话] --> D2[探索理解代码]
        D2 --> D3[描述需求]
        D3 --> D4[审核 Claude 的方案]
        D4 --> D5[批准执行]
        D5 --> D6[验证结果]
        D6 --> D7{满意?}
        D7 -->|否| D3
        D7 -->|是| D8[Git 提交]
    end

    A4 --> B1
    B3 --> C1
    C3 --> D1

    style A1 fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#333
    style B1 fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#333
    style C1 fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#333
    style D1 fill:#fce4ec,stroke:#333